When Landscape Becomes Geometry: Fibonacci Spiral Patterning Anchored at the Bosnian Pyramid of the Sun

Abstract

Evaluating large-scale spatial organization in natural landscapes is challeng- ing, particularly when geometric patterns are distributed across multiple ref- erence points rather than centered on a single location. Earlier work identified spiral-like configurations in the Bosnian Valley of the Pyramids. The present analysis extends those observations by testing whether such configurations conform to logarithmic spirals derived from Fibonacci growth models. High- resolution LiDAR data and geodetic coordinates are used to construct fixed geometric spirals anchored to prominent topographic and hydrological fea- tures. To determine whether observed alignments could arise by chance, Monte Carlo simulations are applied to randomized spatial distributions con- strained by identical spatial boundaries. Several spiral trajectories intersect key landscape features more frequently than expected under random placement. These intersections recur across independent anchor points and do not rely on a single geometric center. The results indicate non-random spatial struc- ture consistent with Fibonacci-based spiral models within the applied con- straints. No inference is made regarding cultural intent, symbolic meaning, or chronology. The focus of the work is methodological, emphasizing reproduc- ible GIS-based testing of spatial organization in complex landscapes.